British Library deliberate to purchase archives of Cambridge spy Kim Philby

The British Library planned to acquire the personal archives of the notorious Cambridge spy Kim Philby, raising fears it would enrich the family of a traitor.

Files released by the National Archives show government officials were spooked by the idea that a British institution could pay tens of thousands of pounds to the double agent’s wife.

Philby was recruited by the KGB in the 1930s while working at MI6 before fleeing to Russia after other members of the spy gang were outed.

The library was first approached by his Russian fourth wife, Rufina, in 1993, five years after his death and 30 years after he defected to Moscow.

It sought to reassure the government that no public money would be involved and that they were seeking a ‘benefactor’ who would finance the purchase.

Files released by the National Archives show government officials were spooked by the idea that a British institution could pay tens of thousands of pounds to the notorious Cambridge spy Kim Philby’s wife

The British Library (pictured) planned to acquire the personal archives of the double agent, raising fears it would enrich the family of a traitor

The papers at the archives in Kew show that she was asking for £68,000 for the collection of files forming his personal archive.

They included details of a course Philby had run following his defection to the Soviet Union for KGB agents preparing to deploy to the UK.

There were also letters from the novelist Graham Greene, a friend from his MI6 days, and a history of the Communist Party signed by his fellow defector and double agent Guy Burgess.

But officials warned that paying Philby’s Russian widow tens of thousands of pounds for the papers would be unacceptable – and suggested they should not take them at all.

Then cabinet secretary, Sir Robin Butler, wrote: ‘I doubt whether this is a transaction that the British Library should promote or even whether they should agree to receive the papers.’ 

Michael Borrie, a senior member of the library staff, contacted the Cabinet Office to say that their chief executive was keen to go ahead, provided suitable arrangements could be made.

The library was first approached by his Russian fourth wife, Rufina (pictured with her memoirs in 1997), in 1993, five years after his death and 30 years after he defected to Moscow 

Then cabinet secretary, Sir Robin Butler (pictured), wrote: ‘I doubt whether this is a transaction that the British Library should promote or even whether they should agree to receive the papers’

A senior member of the library staff did not say who they had in mind as a benefactor, although Cabinet Office officials believed they may have been thinking of Max Hastings (pictured in 2013), the then editor of The Daily Telegraph

‘The chief executive feels that these should be in a British public institution, provided they are what they purport to be, and have not been sanitised or made a vehicle for disinformation,’ he wrote.

‘He is not however willing to spend the grant-in-aid on them, and is looking for a benefactor. But we first must prevail on Mrs Philby to send them to London, for a thorough inspection.’ 

Mr Borrie did not say who they had in mind as a benefactor, although Cabinet Office officials believed they may have been thinking of Max Hastings, the then editor of The Daily Telegraph.

There is nothing in the files however to indicate why they thought this or to suggest that Sir Max was aware of it.

In the Cabinet Office, officials feared a public backlash if such a deal was agreed, even if no public money was involved.

One official, Jon Sibson, warned: ‘I suspect that there might be something of an outcry if it became known that a public body was involved even in this way in a transaction which would enrich a traitor’s widow.’ 

The endeavour was eventually dropped and items in the collection sold for £150,000 when they were put up for auction at Sotheby’s.

Who were the Cambridge Five? The Soviet double agents who rocked the British establishment

The ‘Cambridge Five’ spying scandal rocked the Establishment by revealing Soviet double agents at the heart of many of Britain’s most important institutions.

Kim Philby, Guy Burgess, Donald Maclean and Anthony Blunt all met at the University of Cambridge, where Blunt was an academic and the other three were undergraduates.

The older man recruited the students to the Soviet cause before the Second World War – and they remained devoted to the USSR even after the start of the Cold War.

Donald Maclean (left) and Kim Philby (right) were also members of the infamous Cambridge Five spy ring

Philby was head of counter-intelligence for MI6, while Maclean was a Foreign Office official and Burgess worked for the BBC. 

Blunt was the most eminent of all, as director of the Courtauld Institute and keeper of the royal family’s art collection.

In 1951, Burgess and Maclean were exposed as double agents – but after being tipped off by Philby they were able to escape to Moscow.

Despite the suspicion surrounding Philby, he avoided detection until 1963, when he too defected to the USSR.

Blunt escaped exposure for even longer – it was not until 1979, when Margaret Thatcher named him as a suspect in the House of Commons, that he confessed to his treachery and was stripped of his titles.

The ‘fifth man’ in the spy ring has never been definitively identified, but was named as John Cairncross by KGB defector Oleg Gordievsky.

The story of the unlikely traitors has been dramatised several times, including in John le Carré’s classic book Tinker, Tailor, Soldier, Spy and a 2003 BBC series titled Cambridge Spies.

Anthony Blunt (left), the keeper of the royal family’s art collection, was exposed as the fourth member of the Cambridge spy ring in 1979. The fifth member was never formally identified, although Soviet defector Oleg Gordievsky named ex-British intelligence officer John Cairncross (right) as the final link