NASA has discovered that astronauts’ brains undergo mysterious changes after they have been in space.
A study published in Frontiers in Psychology found that astronauts returning from missions experienced slower cognitive performance. Their post-flight lapses included reduced processing speed, visual working memory and attention. These effects were most pronounced during their time aboard the ISS but gradually resolved on Earth. Dr Sheena Dev from NASA’s Behavioural Health and Performance Laboratory said stress in space had a similar impact on memory and attention as it does on Earth.
It comes as four astronauts were recently kept in hospital for unspecified reasons following their return from a 235 day mission.
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The research looked at 25 astronauts and tested their speed and accuracy before, during and after their missions.
(Image: AFP via Getty Images)
It showed how space impacts brain function in a special way. Astronauts experienced slower mental responses while in space, but their cognitive skills returned to normal once they were back on Earth. There was no indication of brain injury or lasting brain issues.
The report states: “Venturing into the far reaches of the universe will challenge astronauts’ bodies and minds in extreme environments unlike anything on Earth.
“Although humans are highly adaptable, the physical hazards of long-duration space exploration pose a unique constellation of threats to biobehavioural functioning, individual and team performance, and mission success.”
(Image: Getty Images/iStockphoto)
Astronauts face numerous physiological challenges in space including fluid redistribution, bone density loss and muscle atrophy. Even with daily exercise routines of 2.5 hours, recovery from these effects can take years.
The study also found that astronauts displayed less risk-taking behaviour during the later stages and post-flight phases of their missions, suggesting prolonged space travel influences decision-making and emotional regulation. Researchers believe the lack of gravity, high radiation exposure and disrupted sleep cycles could be behind these cognitive changes, although the exact reasons remain unclear.
According to Business Today, life on the International Space Station offers crucial understanding of how extended space exposure impacts both body and mind, propelling research for long-haul missions.
The report further highlighted that NASA plans to utilise these discoveries to ready astronauts for even lengthier missions such as trips to Mars, underlining the significance of reducing stress and preserving mental sharpness in space.
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